瞬变电磁场的奇点展开法     

汤井田 《物探与化探》1996,20(5):321-328

在分析电磁系统自然谐振现象的基础上,简述了瞬变电磁场奇点展开法的物理基础、基本理论、极点提取方法,并考查了奇点展开法在地球物理中的应用可能性。  相似文献   

Simulation of normal distributed smooth fields by Karhunen-Loéve expansion in combination with kriging     

Nils-Otto Kitterrød  Lars Gottschalk 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1997,11(6):459-482

Simulation of multigaussian stochastic fields can be made after a Karhunen-Loéve expansion of a given covariance function. This method is also called simulation by Empirical Orthogonal Functions. The simulations are made by drawing stochastic coefficients from a random generator. These numbers are multiplied with eigenfunctions and eigenvalues derived from the predefined covariance model. The number of eigenfunctions necessary to reproduce the stochastic process within a predefined variance error, turns out to be a cardinal question. Some ordinary analytical covariance functions are used to evaluate how quickly the series of eigenfunctions can be truncated. This analysis demonstrates extremely quick convergence to 99.5% of total variance for the 2nd order exponential (‘gaussian’) covariance function, while the opposite is true for the 1st order exponential covariance function. Due to these convergence characteristics, the Karhunen-Loéve method is most suitable for simulating smooth fields with ‘gaussian’ shaped covariance functions. Practical applications of Karhunen-Loéve simulations can be improved by spatial interpolation of the eigenfunctions. In this paper, we suggest interpolation by kriging and limits for reproduction of the predefined covariance functions are evaluated.  相似文献   

Simulation of normal distributed smooth fields by Karhunen-Loéve expansion in combination with kriging     

Nils-Otto Kitterr?d  Lars Gottschalk 《Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics》1997,11(6):459-482

Simulation of multigaussian stochastic fields can be made after a Karhunen-Loéve expansion of a given covariance function. This method is also called simulation by Empirical Orthogonal Functions. The simulations are made by drawing stochastic coefficients from a random generator. These numbers are multiplied with eigenfunctions and eigenvalues derived from the predefined covariance model. The number of eigenfunctions necessary to reproduce the stochastic process within a predefined variance error, turns out to be a cardinal question. Some ordinary analytical covariance functions are used to evaluate how quickly the series of eigenfunctions can be truncated. This analysis demonstrates extremely quick convergence to 99.5% of total variance for the 2nd order exponential (‘gaussian’) covariance function, while the opposite is true for the 1st order exponential covariance function. Due to these convergence characteristics, the Karhunen-Loéve method is most suitable for simulating smooth fields with ‘gaussian’ shaped covariance functions. Practical applications of Karhunen-Loéve simulations can be improved by spatial interpolation of the eigenfunctions. In this paper, we suggest interpolation by kriging and limits for reproduction of the predefined covariance functions are evaluated.  相似文献   

变差函数参数的计算   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

矫希国 《地质论评》1997,43(6):658-663

为了求出地质统计学中变差函数理论模型的参数，首先把相应模型化成线性函数的形式，多面手应用线性方程组非负解的理论计算出它的参数。  相似文献   

地球脉动——表现、级别及与古地磁的联系   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Ｅ．Ｅ．Ｍｉｌａｎｏｖｓｋｙ 《地学前缘》1997,(Z2)

地球脉动的概念是指地球在其历史中曾发生膨胀和收缩的周期性变化。其根据是构造变动、岩浆活动、地磁极倒转以及海平面升降等方面，在地球的膨胀和收缩期，均有各种表现。构造 海平面升降在地球收缩期形成海退，在膨胀期形成海侵。在一个地球脉动旋回的不同时期，地表、海平面和洋底之间的相互关系均有变化，因而形成“层序”的沉积记录。地磁场的强度和地磁极倒转频率在显生宙有明显变化，有高峰期和平静期。这种频率变化与构造变动和岩浆活动都有对应关系，特别是４Ｍａ为准周期的地磁极倒转频率与海底扩张、洋壳形成速率之间具有良好的对应关系。地球脉动旋回可以分为不同的级次，构成级别体系：超级旋回约１Ｇａ，巨旋回２５０～３００Ｍａ，一级旋回５０～１５０Ｍａ，二级旋回５～５０Ｍａ，三级旋回１～５Ｍａ，均可与构造旋回相对应，更高的级次对构造不形成影响。三级及更长的脉动旋回可能受深部过程的控制。中、新生代以来，地球脉动是在地球适度膨胀的背景下进行的。  相似文献   

新型镁质膨胀材料的制备与性能研究     

赵霞  邓敏 《华东地质学院学报》2005,28(1):71-75

主要研究了以多种富镁矿物为原料，制备适合于大掺量粉煤灰混凝土的新型镁质膨胀材料，用以补偿大坝由于温度应力引起的收缩。通过在不同粉煤灰掺量的水泥浆体中，外掺不同比例的新型镁质膨胀材料和传统MgO膨胀剂，研究水泥浆体压蒸膨胀率的变化规律以及40℃水中长龄期养护膨胀率的变化过程及趋势。结果表明，随着膨胀材料掺量的增加，膨胀率相应增加。随着养护龄期的延长，膨胀率相应增大，到120d左右，膨胀趋于平缓。粉煤灰对传统MgO膨胀剂具有明显的抑制作用，且随着粉煤灰掺量的增加，抑制作用加强。新型镁质膨胀材料能很好的改善抑制作用，从而满足大掺量粉煤灰混凝土工程的要求。  相似文献   

Simulation of urban expansion via integrating artificial neural network with Markov chain – cellular automata     

Tingting Xu  Jay Gao  Giovanni Coco 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(10):1960-1983

Accurate simulations and predictions of urban expansion are critical to manage urbanization and explicitly address the spatiotemporal trends and distributions of urban expansion. Cellular Automata integrated Markov Chain (CA-MC) is one of the most frequently used models for this purpose. However, the urban suitability index (USI) map produced from the conventional CA-MC is either affected by human bias or cannot accurately reflect the possible nonlinear relations between driving factors and urban expansion. To overcome these limitations, a machine learning model (Artificial Neural Network, ANN) was integrated with CA-MC instead of the commonly used Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Logistic Regression (LR) CA-MC models. The ANN was optimized to create the USI map and then integrated with CA-MC to spatially allocate urban expansion cells. The validated results of kappa and fuzzy kappa simulation indicate that ANN-CA-MC outperformed other variously coupled CA-MC modelling approaches. Based on the ANN-CA-MC model, the urban area in South Auckland is predicted to expand to 1340.55 ha in 2026 at the expense of non-urban areas, mostly grassland and open-bare land. Most of the future expansion will take place within the planned new urban growth zone.  相似文献   

A cavity expansion–based solution for interpretation of CPTu data in soils under partially drained conditions     

Pin-Qiang Mo  Xin-Wei Gao  Wenbo Yang  Hai-Sui Yu 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(7):1053-1076

A cavity expansion–based solution is proposed in this paper for the interpretation of CPTu data under a partially drained condition. Variations of the normalized cone tip resistance, cone factor, and undrained-drained resistance ratio are examined with different initial specific volume and overconsolidation ratio, based on the exact solutions of both undrained and drained cavity expansion in CASM, which is a unified state parameter model for clay and sand. A drainage index is proposed to represent the partially drained condition, and the critical state after expansion and stress paths of cavity expansion are therefore predicted by estimating a virtual plastic region and assuming a drainage-index–based mapping technique. The stress paths and distributions of stresses and specific volume are investigated for different values of drainage index, which are also related to the penetration velocity with comparisons of experimental data and numerical results. The subsequent consolidation after penetration is thus predicted with the assumption of constant deviatoric stress during dissipation of the excess pore pressure. Both spherical and cylindrical consolidations are compared for dissipation around the cone tip and the probe shaft, respectively. The effects of overconsolidation ratio on the stress paths and the distributions of excess pore pressure and specific volume are then thoroughly investigated. The proposed solution and the findings would contribute to the interpretation of CPTu tests under a random drained condition, as well as the analysis of pile installation and the subsequent consolidation.  相似文献   

成渝城市群城市建设用地扩张格局及规模体系分析     

张亚萍  张平  孙丹峰  刘顺喜  伦飞 《测绘通报》2020,(7):103-107

基于1990—2018年六期城市建设用地监测数据，本文利用城市用地年面积增长率指数、公共边测度、核密度估计、位序-规模法则等方法，刻画成渝城市群扩张演化特征及其发展规律，并对城市群规模体系进行分析。结果表明：成渝城市群城市建设用地扩张呈先快后慢的趋势，空间上呈“中部高速，南北低速”的特点，建设用地扩张密度高值主要集中在成都、重庆二市且城市群内部连片发展不明显。城市群新增城市用地呈现无序蔓延态势，并未趋于紧凑。2000—2010年，成渝城市群规模分布极化，呈现明显的双核首位特征，2010年后规模分布由非均衡趋于均衡。  相似文献   

基于地理国情数据的城市扩张和生态格局分析——以武汉市为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

厉芳婷  张过  贾继鹏 《测绘通报》2020,(11):93-98

城市扩张是城镇化的主要特征，研究城市扩张规律对城市空间规划、高质量发展提供决策依据。本文以武汉市为研究区，以2015—2018年地理国情监测成果为主要数据源，通过数据整理与提取、计算城市扩张特征指数、提取城市格局变化、计算生态景观指数等处理，对研究区城市扩张和生态格局变化特征进行分析。研究结果表明：2015—2018年间，武汉市从快速扩张阶段逐渐减缓，紧凑度逐渐下降；中心城市扩张主要以种植土地破坏为代价；远城区快速扩张主要以林草面积减少为代价；在生态指数上，各生态景观类型破碎度均有下降，但水域面积保持良好。  相似文献